In this chapter, you gained an understanding of project management structure and methodologies. You also learned about the importance of business case and feasibility studies. Additionally, you explored some important system-related controls such as check digits, parity bits, checksums, and principles of data integrity. The following are the important topics covered in this chapter: • PERT is a technique for estimating project duration. PERT is considered more accurate and appropriate compared to CPM for estimations of project duration. Gantt charts are primarily used to monitor the progress of the project. SLOC and FPA are techniques to estimate software size. • The business case is a justification for the proposed project. It is prepared to justify the effort and investment in a proposed project and is a precursor to the start of the project. The first concern of an IS auditor is whether the new project meets the needs of the business. This should be established by an approved business case. • The dictionary definition of agile is "able to move quickly and easily." In the Agile method, the programmer does not spend much time on documentation. They are allowed to write their program straight away. Hence inadequate documentation is considered one of the major risks of the Agile approach. • Limit checks restrict the data input up to certain predefined limits. Data is checked for certain limits, either upper or lower, as in, the number entered should not be greater than 100. A limit check is an input control. It is a preventive control to restrict invalid inputs from being entered into the system. It ensures that only data within the predefined limit can enter the system. In the next chapter, you will explore the testing and implementation phases of project development.